Ar 1 Rhagfyr 1994 plannwyd coeden yng Ngerddi'r Orsedd ger Amgueddfa Genedlaethol Caerdydd. 

Plannwyd y goeden ar Ddiwrnod AIDS y Byd 1994 ⁠er cof am bawb sydd wedi marw o AIDS yng Nghymru. Ers ei phlannu mae wedi cael sawl enw gwahanol, gan gynnwys Coeden y Bywyd a Choeden y Rhuban Coch, a dod yn ganolbwynt i ddigwyddiadau cofio Diwrnod AIDS y Byd ar 1 Rhagfyr bob blwyddyn pan fydd pobl yn clymu rhuban coch i'r goeden.

Plannwyd y goeden gan Mike Phillips a Martin Nowaczek (cyd-sylfaenwyr Cardiff Body Positive), ar y cyd ag Arglwydd Faer ac Arglwydd Faeres Caerdydd. Gollyngwyd balŵn hefyd er cof am bawb sydd wedi marw o AIDS yng Nghymru. Erbyn diwedd 1994 roedd 10,304 achos o AIDS wedi ei gofnodi a 7,019 marwolaeth hysbys yn y DU (roedd 141 or achosion a 118 o'r marwolaethau yng Nghymru).

Wrth siarad am y project, mae Mike yn cofio ⁠"Roeddwn i tua 25 oed pan blannon ni Goeden y Rhuban Coch. ⁠Roedden ni wedi agor canolfan Body Positive Caerdydd y diwrnod cynt, ac roedd Martin yn sâl ac wedi blino. ⁠Bu farw lai na 6 mis yn ddiweddarach."

Cafodd y plac wrth y goeden ei ailgyflwyno yn 2021, a rhoddwyd y plac gwreiddiol i Sain Ffagan Amgueddfa Werin Cymru. ⁠Cafodd ei arddangos yn Sain Ffagan yn 2022/23 fel rhan o arddangosfa Cymru... cofio Terrence Higgins.

Yn ddiweddar cafodd casgliad Body Positive Caerdydd ei roi i Amgueddfa Cymru, ac mae cyswllt agos rhyngddo â'r goeden a blannwyd gan y sylfaenwyr, Mike a Martin, yn 1994.

Sefydlwyd Body Positive Caerdydd yn 1993, yn 57 Heol y Santes Fair. Roedd yn cefnogi pobl yn byw gyda HIV ac AIDS ar draws Caerdydd a de Cymru, ac yn un o nifer o grwpiau Body Positive ledled y DU. Agorodd y ganolfan alw ddiwrnod cyn plannu Coeden y Bywyd, ac yn ddiweddarach dyma nhw'n trefnu 'Dathliad o Fywyd' wrth y goeden i gofio'r bywydau a gollwyd i AIDS ac i ddangos eu cefnogaeth i bobl sy'n byw gyda HIV/AIDS neu wedi'u heffeithio ganddo. ⁠Mae cylchlythyrau Body Positive Caerdydd yn y casgliad yn cynnwys ysgrifau coffa ar gyfer pobl wnaeth farw o ganlyniad i AIDS yng Nghymru, can gynnwys y sylfaenydd Martin.

Roedd llinell gymorth AIDS Caerdydd hefyd yn bodoli ar y pryd, a rhwydwaith AIDS De Morgannwg. Llinell Gymorth AIDS Caerdydd wnaeth drefnu'r Coffa Golau Cannwyll gyntaf yng Nghymru ar 1 Rhagfyr 1993 ar risiau Amgueddfa Genedlaethol Caerdydd, lle casglodd bron i 600 o bobl i gofio. Cynhaliwyd Coffa Golau Cannwyll eto ar Ddiwrnod AIDS y Byd 1994, ar ôl plannu'r goeden yn y dydd.

Roedd llinell gymorth AIDS Caerdydd hefyd yn bodoli ar y pryd, a rhwydwaith AIDS De Morgannwg. Llinell Gymorth AIDS Caerdydd wnaeth drefnu'r Coffa Golau Cannwyll gyntaf yng Nghymru ar 1 Rhagfyr 1993 ar risiau Amgueddfa Genedlaethol Caerdydd, lle casglodd bron i 600 o bobl i gofio. Cynhaliwyd Coffa Golau Cannwyll eto ar Ddiwrnod AIDS y Byd 1994, ar ôl plannu'r goeden yn y dydd.

Hi! I’m Sophie, a Biological Science student at Cardiff University. Currently, I’m undertaking a Profession Training Year within the Mollusca section in the Natural Sciences Department at Amgueddfa Cymru under the supervision of curator Anna Holmes. My passion for zoology has inspired me to pursue opportunities that deepen my understanding of the animal kingdom. I love learning about different species and their unique roles within ecosystems. While Malacology is a new field for me, I am eager to explore the world of molluscs and broaden my zoological knowledge.  

During my placement year I will be working with Anna to research a non-native species of bivalve, Potamocorbula amurensis known commonly as the Amur River clam. Specimens recently collected from the Outer Thames Estuary have come to us for identification confirmation and, if correct, it will mark the first record of P. amurensis in the UK. Native to China, Japan and Korea, Potamocorbula amurensis has been previously recorded in San Francisco Bay, where it spread rapidly, and more recently in Belgium. One of the most common ways bivalves are introduced to new environments is through ballast water from ships. Ships take in water in one area, along with small organisms, and then release it in another, leading to the introduction of non-native species. 

Over the past two months at Amgueddfa Cymru, I have been engaged in a variety of tasks that have allowed me to gain valuable experience and knowledge in malacology. In preparation for our report, I have been researching previous studies on Potamocorbula amurensis, particularly focusing on its invasions in San Francisco and Belgium. I have been using a light microscope and Helicon Focus software to photograph bivalves from the museum’s collections, some of which are over 100 years old. Specifically, I have been imaging the specimens of possible Potamocorbula amurensis from the Thames, as well as specimens of that species and similar species that were already in the museum’s collection, taken from their native habitat of Asia. I am comparing them with the Thames specimens to provide a positive identification. 

Additionally, I have been imaging other species from the same family, Corbulidae, also known as the basket clams, to examine the differences between similar species. In the UK, the only native species of Corbulidae is Varicorbula gibba, and it’s usually found burrowed in coastal mudflats or estuaries, hiding just below the surface. These shells are very small and must be imaged carefully, from several angles, ensuring the lighting emphasises the specific features that aid in identification. The right valve is notably larger than the left, earning it the nickname “overbite clam”. Each valve features a tooth, an important characteristic for identifying bivalves. 

Recently, ethanol preserved samples of Potamocorbula amurensis have been collected from the Thames. In the next few weeks, I will be analysing the DNA of these specimens, with the hope of discovering if the UK population came from the San Francisco introduction or the native population in China.   

 Understanding the presence and spread of non-native species like Potamocorbula amurensis can have significant ecological and economic implications. Invasive species often disrupt local ecosystems, outcompeting native species, altering habitats, and affecting biodiversity. Some non-native species (around 10-15% of them) can become invasive and by identifying the pathways of introduction and tracking the spread of Potamocorbula amurensis, we can better inform conservation strategies and management practices to mitigate its impact on local environments. 

In addition to my research project, I’ve also been given the opportunity to gain hands-on experience in curating shell collections.  I have been sorting through the CCW – Lloyd James shell collection, cataloguing it into the museum’s Mollusca database. This process involves carefully organising and documenting the specimens, ensuring accurate records for future reference and research. Working with this collection has given me the chance to appreciate the incredible diversity of British molluscs and observe firsthand how intricate and beautiful their shells can be. One standout for me has been Palliolum striatum a stunning scallop species with vibrant colouring and beautifully ridged patterns. 

My time at Amgueddfa Cymru so far has been nothing short of wonderful. The staff in both Mollusca and Natural Sciences as a whole have been incredibly welcoming and supportive. They have generously shared their expertise with me, not only expanding my knowledge, but also deepening my appreciation for all the great work the museum does. I’m truly grateful for this opportunity and excited for what the rest of my placement will bring. I look forward to continuing my work here and learning even more from the incredible team. 

Hi Bulb Buddies,

I want to say a big thank you to all of the participating schools who worked hard planting bulbs for the project. Together we planted over 18 thousand bulbs across the UK and from the photos I’ve seen, it looks as though everyone had great fun doing it! 

All schools taking part in the project will be collecting weather data from 4 November until 28 March. They will be uploading these records regularly to the Amgueddfa Cymru website, along with comments and weather observations. We'll be learning a lot together over the school year. 

Resources are available on the website that explore different aspects of the project, including ideas for additional experiments and guides to making short videos for the Bulbcast competition!  

I'll be sure to share more photos and comments from schools to the Blog in the coming weeks. 

Keep up the good work Bulb Buddies,

Professor Plant

The Urban Meadow at National Museum Cardiff is a little haven for pollinators in the city centre. On a summer’s day it is teeming with bees, hoverflies, grasshoppers, ladybirds and craneflies. 

Monitoring the meadow, and managing it for wildlife, is vital to make sure it continues to provide an environment where these creatures can thrive. Mowing too frequently, or not removing ‘problem plants’ like brambles and trees, could damage the harmonious interplay between different types of plant.

This year, with help from Greening Cathays and support from the National Heritage Lottery Innovation Fund, we’ve been trialling new methods of surveying the plant life so that Volunteers and non-specialist Museum staff can help us keep track of the meadow biodiversity. This will help us to manage the meadow in the future.

As well as contributing to our understanding of the meadow, our staff and volunteers have reported the well-being benefits of working outdoors:

“If I could, I would stay out here all day, it’s such a nice environment to be in”.

“I feel like I’m doing work – but it doesn’t have the stress of work. It’s the perfect balance”.

Staff and volunteers have also felt more motivated or confident to get involved outside of work:

“I have patch of grass at home, I’m now on a mission to rewild it. I really want to know how to do that, I feel more motivated now I’ve seen what can be there”.

"It’s quite empowering feeling you've recorded data that will be used, makes me want to get involved in more things like this".

What did we find?

On the Urban Meadow plants such as Common Bird’s-foot-trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), Oxeye Daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), Lady’s Bedstraw (Galium verum) and Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) add colour to this part of the city every summer. The appearance of the meadow changes subtly throughout the season, depending on which plants are in flower.

Several native grasses, including Meadow foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis), Cock’s-foot (Dactylis glomerata) and Timothy (Phleum pratense) grow on the meadow.  However, we do not want the grasses to outcompete other species.

The vegetation surveys demonstrated that, although the meadow is relatively small, there is a mosaic of plant communities, reflecting small-scale differences in environmental factors.  For example, we found that one corner of the meadow is damper than the other three corners and a charmingly named grass called Yorkshire-fog (Holcus lanatus) has dominated here. 

To let other flowering plants, which attract insects for pollination, have some space to grow we are going to invite staff to help with sowing seeds of Yellow-rattle (Rhinanthus minor) this autumn. 

This annual plant is a parasite on grasses (Poaceae) meaning it gets nutrients by penetrating the roots of the grass, and restricting the its growth. Many meadows may need an application of Yellow-rattle seed this autumn because the grasses have coped better with the hot weather than the smaller brightly coloured plants. The Yellow-rattle seeds are sown in the autumn because they need to sit in the soil during the winter and experience the cold to germinate. The yellow flowers appear in spring, followed by seed pods which ‘rattle’.

We will also create training opportunities for staff and volunteers to help with scything the meadow to get the ground ready for the next year.

The Urban Meadow hasn’t just been an opportunity to increase biodiversity at National Museum Cardiff, it has helped people too. Cultivating a wildflower meadow takes years but is a testament to the resilience and ever-changing charm of the natural world. We hope to continue working with staff and volunteers to care for our meadow, for the benefit of people and plants.

Annwyl Cyfeillion y Gwanwyn,

Dyma un o fy hoff adegau o'r flwyddyn! Bydd ysgolion ledled y DU yn gadael y dosbarth i blannu bylbiau fel rhan o Ymchwiliad Bylbiau'r Gwanwyn i Ysgolion. Anfonwyd bwlb crocws a chennin Pedr ar gyfer pob disgybl yn y dosbarth rhestredig i'w blannu ar 21 Hydref (neu'r dyddiad agosaf posib). Edrychaf ymlaen at rannu eu lluniau gwych hefo chi. Rydym yn cynnal Cystadleuaeth Ffotograffiaeth Diwrnod Plannu bob blwyddyn, felly gwyliwch y Blog Bylbiau hwn i weld y delweddau buddugol a dilyn @Professor_Plant ar X/Twitter i weld yr holl luniau gwych yn cael eu rhannu!

Mae gennym lawer o adnoddau digidol ar y wefan. Mae rhai yn benodol i'r ymchwiliad ond mae'n bosib addasu rhai ar gyfer eich ysgol hyd yn oed os nad ydy'ch yn cymryd rhan eleni. Dyma'r adnoddau sef yn addas at gam hwn o'r ymchwiliad:

Cam 1: Paratoi i plannu (dechrau mis Hydref)

Cam 2: Diwrnod plannu

Cam 3: Gweithgareddau ymarferol dewisol i wneud a'r tywydd a garddio

Cystadleuath Bylbcast

Hwn yr ail flwyddyn i ni gynnal y gystadleuaeth Bylbcast. Mae hon yn dasg hwyliog a chreadigol y gall dosbarthiadau gweithio ar drwy gydol yr ymchwiliad. Gofynnir i'n wyddonwyr ifanc gynllunio, recordio a chyflwyni fideo byr yn archwilio eu hoff rannau o'r ymchwiliad. Mae adnoddau i gefnogi'r dasg hon ar gael fan yma, a bydd yr enillwyr eu cyhoeddi cyn diwedd y flwyddyn academaidd. Alla i ddim aros i weld beth mae'r meddyliau creadigol eleni  yn cynhyrchu. Tybed faint o ysgolion fydd yn sôn am ddiwrnod plannu yn eu ceisiadau?

Anfonwyd adnodd newydd i'r ysgolion sy'n cymryd rhan eleni, calendr hwyliog sydd wedi'i gynllunio'n arbennig i helpu'r dosbarth i gofnodi eu data tywydd a blodau. Mae hyn yn cynnwys dyddiadau pwysig ar gyfer yr ymchwiliad a strwythur arfaethedig ar gyfer trefnu'r casgliad data. Gall athrawon ddewis i rannu eu dosbarth yn bum grŵp, sydd i gyd yn cymryd eu tro i ddogfennu a uwchlwytho data'r tywydd. Y gobaith yw y bydd hyn yn helpu i berchnogi'r ymchwiliad i'r plant. 

Edrychaf ymlaen at rannu datblygiadau ddiweddaraf yr ymchwiliad hefo chi. Rwy'n gobeithio eich bod yn dathlu'r Diwrnod Plannu, wrth i ysgolion ledled y DU ymuno â'i gilydd i blannu dros 18,000 o fylbiau yn y weithred gyfunol hon ar gyfer natur. Gwaith Gwych Cyfeillion y Gwanwyn! 

Athro'r Ardd