Casglwyr a Chasgliadau

St Teilo's Church - the book

Mari Gordon, 20 Ebrill 2009

No blogs for a while now - but mostly because we've been working full tilt on the book (also because I've been off for a week...).

So, it's now at the printers, and there's nothing - well, hardly anything - more we can do now. If all is well the books will be in Cardiff this Friday, and we'll all be at St Fagans launching it on Sunday. If the weather is anywhere as good as it has been this last week or so then it'll be a truly lovely afternoon.

As exciting as it is to look forward to seeing the actual book (no matter how many proofs, dummies etc you've seen - the real thing always looks different!) this bit always makes me a bit nervous too. After it arrives, and I spot the inevitable typo that got away, or something I wish we'd changed when we had the chance, or... and after the launch event, I'll be able to reflect on what a pleasure it was to work on and how lovely everybody was to work with. It's a real privilege to have been able to learn so much about the whole project - one of the very best bits of my job is being able to get involved with such a variety of different projects that might otherwise have passed me by. But with this one in particular, I think, the depth of people's knowledge and skills, and their committment, is inspiring.

 

Anyway, look out for it, available in all good bookshops - soon!

 

St Teilo's Church - the book 2008

Mari Gordon, 14 Ionawr 2009

We're getting really stuck in now. We've had a complete set of pages, which is our chance to move or replace any images, or perhaps move pages around. Once we've done that the layout is set in stone and we start proofreading. While we proofread the English, the designer will work on the Welsh pages - that's why it's important that nothing moves around after we've agreed on the layout!

We had some new external shots of the church done, so that we'd have a wider choice to try out for the cover. I think we're pretty close to deciding on the image. And I think the title is decided too:

Saving St Teilo's: bringing a medieval church to life.

I hope it's a strong title, and I like the fact that we get the name 'St Teilo's' right in there at the beginning!

We're also moving ahead with the launch event. It will be in the spring, March or maybe April. It should be a lovely event, it will be lighter then - and warmer!

Diwydiant, diwylliant – cyfraniad chwiorydd Gregynog i Gymru

1 Ionawr 2009

Gwendoline Davies (1882 - 1951)

Gwendoline Davies (1882-1951)
Gwen, y chwaer hynaf, a'r mwyaf penderfynol a meddylgar, a oedd hefyd yn gerddor medrus.

Margaret Davies (1884 - 1963)

Margaret Davies (1884-1963)
Daisy, y chwaer iau, mwy ymarferol, a oedd hefyd yn arlunydd ac yn ysgythrwr rhagorol.

Neuadd Gregynog

Neuadd Gregynog

David Davies (1818-1890)

David Davies (1818-1890)
Mae'r llun yn ei ddangos yn gorffwys am ennyd prin. Casgliad preifat (Lord Davies)

'The Loan Exhibition of Paintings' 1913

'The Loan Exhibition of Paintings' a gynhaliwyd yn yr amgueddfa genedlaethol dros dro yn Neuadd Dinas Caerdydd yn 1913.

Roedd dwy chwaer o'r canolbarth, o'r enw Gwendoline (1882-1951) a Margaret Davies (1884-1963), ymhlith y cyntaf ym Mhrydain i gasglu darluniau'r Argraffiadwyr a'r Ôl-Argraffiadwyr Ffrengig. Gadawodd y ddwy eu casgliadau celf rhagorol i Amgueddfa Cymru, gan drawsnewid amrywiaeth ac ansawdd casgliad celf cenedlaethol Cymru'n llwyr.

Y chwiorydd Davies oedd y cyfranwyr mwyaf at gasgliadau'r Amgueddfa yn ystod ei chanrif gyntaf. Cafodd eu delfrydiaeth a'u haelioni effaith hynod ar fywyd diwylliannol a deallusol Cymru, ac rydyn ni'n dal i weld effeithiau hyn heddiw.

Etifeddiaeth ddiwydiannol David Davies

Roedd Gwendoline a Margaret Davies yn wyresau i David Davies, Llandinam, un o entrepreneuriaid mwyaf Cymru'r bedwaredd ganrif ar bymtheg. Adeiladodd ran helaeth o system reilffyrdd y canolbarth, ac roedd yn un o arloeswyr mawr diwydiant glo'r de.

Creodd David Davies ffortiwn anferth. Bu farw ym 1890, ac fe'i holynwyd gan ei fab, Edward. Yn eu tro, etifeddodd Gwendoline, Margaret a'u brawd, David, yn ddiweddarach Arglwydd Davies y Cyntaf, y stad.

Magwraeth a phlentyndod

Ganed Gwendoline a Margaret ym 1882 a 1884, a llywiwyd eu plentyndod gan gredoau llym Methodistiaeth Galfinaidd. Cawsant eu dysgu bod dyletswydd arnynt fel Cristnogion i ddefnyddio'r cyfoeth mawr y byddent yn ei etifeddu er daioni.

Ar ôl cael addysg flaengar dda, datblygodd y ddwy gariad ddofn at gelf a cherddoriaeth. Gan fod hanes celf yn ei fabandod ym Mhrydain, astudiodd y chwiorydd yn yr Almaen a'r Eidal, cyn mynd ati i ddechrau casglu gweithiau celf.

Roeddent yn anghyffredin o wybodus ynglŷn â'r celfyddydau, yn enwedig o ystyried mai merched bonedd oeddent.

Dechrau casglu celf

Dechreuodd y chwiorydd gasglu celf o ddifrif ym 1908. Ymhlith y gweithiau cyntaf a brynwyd ganddynt roedd tirluniau o waith Corot, golygfeydd gwerinol o waith Millet a'r Storm a'r Bore wedi'r Storm o waith Turner.

Casglodd y ddwy bron i gant o ddarluniau a cherfluniau yn ystod eu chwe blynedd cyntaf o gasglu. Roedd eu chwaeth yn ddigon traddodiadol i gychwyn, ond ym 1912, trodd y ddwy at brynu gweithiau'r Argraffiadwyr.

Argraffiadaeth

Ar y cyfan, roedd y gweithiau Argraffiadol yn rhatach na'r gweithiau roedden nhw wedi bod yn eu prynu gan artistiaid fel Turner a Corot.

Prynodd Gwendoline ei pheintiad pwysicaf, La Parisienne, am £5,000 ym 1913.

Effaith y Rhyfel Mawr

Cafodd y Rhyfel Byd Cyntaf effaith sylweddol ar fywydau Gwendoline a Margaret. Bu'r ddwy'n gweithio gyda'r Groes Goch yn Ffrainc, ond llwyddodd y ddwy i ychwanegu at eu casgliad yn ystod y blynyddoedd hyn gan brynu gweithiau gan Daumier, Carrière, Renoir, Manet a Monet. Ym 1916 gwariodd Gwendoline Davies £2,350 ar ddeg peintiad olew a darlun o waith Augustus John

Ym 1918, prynodd Gwendoline ddau dirlun enwog o waith Cézanne, Argae François Zola a Thirlun ym Mhrofens,rhai o'i gweithiau pwysicaf a mwyaf craff.

Casglu ar ôl y Rhyfel Mawr

Ym 1920, prynodd Gwendoline rhai o'i gweithiau ceinaf efallai, sef Bywyd Llonydd â Thebot gan Cézanne am £2,000 a Glaw — Auvers gan Van Gogh am £2,020.

Talodd y chwiorydd symiau mawr am weithiau'r Hen Feistri hefyd, gan gynnwys Y Forwyn a'r Plentyn gyda Phomgranad o waith Botticelli.

Gwelwyd lleihad sydyn yn eu gwaith casglu ar ôl hynny. Ym 1921, ysgrifennodd Gwendoline pam nad oedd modd iddynt barhau i brynu gymaint 'oherwydd yr angen dychrynllyd sydd ym mhob man'.

Er hynny, fe wariodd y chwiorydd dros £2,000 ar Goleufa o waith Turner ym 1922 a £6,000 ar Ddadwisgo Crist o weithdy El Greco ym 1923. Ym 1926 rhoddodd Gwendoline y gorau i gasglu'n llwyr.

Gregynog: canolfan i'r celfyddydau, cerddoriaeth a chrefftau

Cefnogodd y ddwy lawer o fentrau cymdeithasol, economaidd, addysgol a diwylliannol yng Nghymru yn ystod y 1920au a'r 1930au.

Ym 1920 prynodd y chwiorydd Neuadd Gregynog i'w sefydlu fel canolfan i'r celfyddydau a cherddoriaeth yng Nghymru. Ym 1922, sefydlwyd Gwasg Gregynog yno lle argraffwyd rhai o lyfrau ceinaf Prydain rhwng y ddau ryfel. Roedd Gregynog yn cydategu'r Amgueddfa Gelf a Chrefft yr oedd y chwiorydd eisoes wedi helpu i'w chreu yn Aberystwyth.

Cynhaliwyd Gwyliau Cerdd a Barddoniaeth poblogaidd yng Ngregynog tan ddechrau'r rhyfel ym 1939, pan drodd y chwiorydd eu sylw at ymdrech y rhyfel unwaith eto.

Gregynog — diwedd cyfnod

Pan fu farw Gwendoline ym 1951, daliodd Margaret ati â'r gweithgareddau y gallai barhau â nhw yn ystod ei blynyddoedd olaf. Ond heb Gwendoline, y 'prif grëwr ac ysbrydolwr', ni ddaeth oes aur Gregynog fyth yn ôl. Y flwyddyn cyn ei marwolaeth, cyflwynodd Margaret y tŷ a'r gerddi i Brifysgol Cymru i'w defnyddio fel canolfan gynadledda breswyl.

Troi casgliad personol yn un preifat

Ym mis Hydref 1951, cyhoeddodd yr Amgueddfa Genedlaethol ei bod wedi derbyn cymynrodd 'y diweddar Miss Gwendoline Davies'. Dyma un o'r rhoddion mwyaf gwerthfawr i gasgliad cyhoeddus ym Mhrydain mewn blynyddoedd diweddar.

Daliodd Margaret Davies ati i gasglu gweithiau celf tan ychydig cyn ei marwolaeth ym 1963, gan ganolbwyntio'n bennaf ar waith gan artistiaid Prydeinig modern, a llawer ohonynt yn Gymry. Gadawodd ei gweithiau hithau hefyd i'r Amgueddfa, a phrynodd nifer o'r gweithiau diweddarach gyda'r Amgueddfa mewn golwg.

Ym 1963, ymunodd cymynrodd Margaret o 152 o weithiau â chymynrodd ei chwaer. Gyda'i gilydd, trawsnewidiodd gweithiau'r chwiorydd ein casgliad celf cenedlaethol yn llwyr.

Nodiadau ar y lluniau

Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot (1796-1875), Castel Gandolfo, Bugeiliaid o'r Tyrol yn dawnsio ger Llyn Albano, olew ar gynfas, 1855-60
Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot

(1796–1875), Castel Gandolfo, Bugeiliaid o’r Tyrol yn dawnsio ger Llyn Albano, olew ar gynfas, 1855–60

Disgrifiwyd y gwaith hwn fel un o gampweithiau Corot ar y pryd. Talodd Gwendoline £6,350 amdano ym 1909. Roedd Margaret wedi cofnodi gweld 'sawl darn hyfryd o waith Corot' yn y Louvre yn gynharach yn yr un flwyddyn.

Amgueddfa Cymru (Cymynrodd Gwendoline Davies, 1951) NMW A 2443.

Jean-François Millet (1814-1875), Merch y Gwyddau yn Gruchy, olew ar gynfas, 1854-6.
Jean-François Millet

(1814–1875), Merch y Gwyddau yn Gruchy, olew ar gynfas, 1854–6

Prynodd Gwendoline a Margaret nifer o weithiau gan artistiaid Ysgol Barbizon yn ystod blynyddoedd cyntaf eu gwaith casglu. Millet oedd un o ffefrynnau'r chwiorydd.

Amgueddfa Cymru (Cymynrodd Gwendoline Davies, 1951) NMW A 2479.

JMW Turner, Y Bore Wedi'r Storm, olew ar gynfas, tua 1840-45
J.M.W. Turner

(1775–1851), Y Bore Wedi’r Storm, olew ar gynfas, tua 1840–5

Prynodd Gwendoline y llun yma am £8,085 ym mis Tachwedd 1908, a phrynodd Margaret Y Storm oedd yn cyd-fynd ag ef. Mae'n debyg i storm fawr 21 Tachwedd 1840 ysbrydoli'r ddau lun.

Amgueddfa Cymru (Cymynrodd Gwendoline Davies, 1952) NMW A 434.

Claude Monet (1840-1926), San Giorgio Maggiore yn y Gwyll, olew ar gynfas, 1908
Claude Monet

(1840–1926), San Giorgio Maggiore yn y Gwyll, olew ar gynfas, 1908

Teithiodd y chwiorydd i Fenis ym 1908 a 1909. Mae'r llun yn dangos eglwys San Giorgio Maggiore gan y pensaer Palladio fel silwét porffor yn y gwyll. Talodd Gwendoline £1,000 amdano ym mis Tachwedd 1912.

Amgueddfa Cymru (Cymynrodd Gwendoline Davies, 1951) NMW A 2485.

St Teilo's Church - the book 2008-12-29

Mari Gordon, 29 Rhagfyr 2008

We had a very positive meeting with the book's designer before Christmas at St Fagans. She's come up with some lovely ideas, it makes a big difference when you've seen something and you then have a set of images and visual themes you can relate to. The design manages to convey a sense of the crafts, skills and techniques behind the whole project, which is something I really want the book to convey.

We're still looking for exactly the right image for the cover though. We decided, although it might seem a bit unimaginative, to use a picture of the exterior of the Church. For all the amazing images we've got of the interiors, especially of course the wall paintings, I really believe that the audience for this book will be looking for a book with a picture of the church on it - sounds obvious I suppose! The book covers many things including art, archaeology and architecture, but in the end it's primarily about the story of St Teilo's Church. So that's the message the cover will convey. Plus, the building itself is now so recognisable, its shape is almost iconic.

I think one of the features that draw people to the Church is the contrast between the simple, white, almost humble-looking exterior and the riot of colour and images inside.

As soon as I've got images of the sample spreads I'll publish them here - it would be very interesting to know what people think of them!

St Teilo's Church - the book 2008-12-08

Mari Gordon, 8 Rhagfyr 2008

I'm working on a book about the fantastic St Teilo's Church at St Fagans. Been really looking forward to this one, it's a lovely story and there's a wealth of fab images - unlike usually, when I have to scrabble around for some decent stuff. I thought we'd be much further on than we are mind, I really expected to be up to my ears in proofs by now. I sort of know why we're further behind than I'd planned, just can't quite explain. Or I could, but it still probably wouldn't make much sense. Plus, designers work in different ways, and this one likes to take a lot of time 'up front' working on the design concept, then when that's agreed we crack on with the proofreading fairly quickly. I suppose I'm more comfortable with spending the bulk of the time at the proofreading stage, especially with a fairly text-heavy book like this one. Still, we always manage to end up with a book on time. I should be designing the marketing plan by now, but I'm still getting the images together and finishing the copy - things like indexes, the glossary, that kind of thing. And I haven't written any of the image captions yet, which I decided would be quite long, narrative style, so that we don't have to cram absolutely everything into the main copy.

Having to work within a financial year is odd too - not at all the way publishing works. I could get really quite anxious about this if I let myself. I just have to concentrate on how good the book's going to look, and having a high-profile launch, with a popular speaker, where everybody buys a copy of the book, which will get great reviews...

In our favour is the fact that the Church is already incredibly popular and has had a lot of good press. The whole re-erection project at St Fagans has built up a swell of good will, and the Church has its own loyal following - a sort of fan-base! All that's keeping me going at the moment, but I know things are going to get pretty intense over the next couple of months.