Casgliadau ac Ymchwil

Dyw safle Sain Ffagan ddim mor dawel â hyn fel arfer. Ar bnawn anghynnes ym mis Tachwedd, hyd yn oed, gallwch ddod o hyd i'r ymwelwyr mwya' penderfynol yn cerdded hyd y safle ym ymweld â'r orielau a'r tai hanesyddol. Ar hyn o bryd, fodd bynnag, yr unig ymwelwyr sydd 'di bod yn heidio i'r safle yw'r adar sydd wedi ymgartrefu yn y grwychoedd, a mentro at y swyddfeydd â'r prif adeilad i chwilio am fwyd. Bnawn Gwener, cefais weithio yng nghwmni dwy gornchwiglen oedd wedi mentro i'r brif fynedfa i fwynhau gweddill haul y prynhawn.

Yr unig bobl ar y safle heddiw yw'n Gofalwyr, Crefftwyr ac Amaethyddwyr, sy'n brysur yn clirio lluwchiau a halltu llwybrau. Mae seiniau, lliwiau ac aroglau ein 'Nosweithiau Nadolig'* wedi hen ddiflannu, prin y byddech yn gallu credu eu bod wedi bod yma yn y lle cynta'. Mae'r safle yn rhyfedd o dawel - ac er ei bod hi'n eithriadol o brydferth yma, 'dyw hi heb fod yn ddigon diogel i agor y safle i ymwelwyr ar sawl achlysur yn ystod yr wythnos ddiwethaf.

Yn yr eira, mae Eglwys Teilo Sant yn edrych yn llawer llai llachar nag yr oedd hi yn ystod yr haf. Fel yr arferir gydag adeiladau hanesyddol, mae'r gwyngalch sy'n gorchuddio'r waliau allanol wedi derbyn y gwaethaf o effeithiau'r gaeaf, yn hytrach na'r adeilad ei hun, a chaiff ei ail-beintio ar y muriau pan fydd y tywydd yn fwynach. Mae'r tu fewn, fodd bynnag, mor llachar ag yr oedd ar achlysur agor yr adeilad ar y safle ym 2007 - ac, fe obeithiwn, mor llachar ag yr oedd ym 1500-1530.

Mae cynllun y murluniau bron wedi'i gwblhau, er bod rhai o'r arysgrifiadau Lladin yn llawer anoddach i'w dadansoddi na'r disgwyl. Mae Capel y Gogledd wedi'i addurno i gynnwys murluniau o Dewi a Theilo Sant, yn ogystal a ffigwr o beth dybiwn ni yw noddwyr lleol o oes y Tuduriaid. Cyfansoddwyd y cynllun gan ddefnyddio darnau brau o'r plaster yr achubwyd o safle gwreiddiol yr Eglwys ym Mhontarddulais. Ble 'roedd plastr wedi dirywio, neu'r pigment wedi pylu, defnyddiwyd esiamplau o furluniau tebyg mewn eglwysi Cymreig fel ffynonellau, i sicrhau bod yr ail-addurno mor gywir ac y gall fod.

Er nad yw Capel y Gogledd yn hygyrch i'r ymwelydd (yn bennaf am fod rhai o ddodrefn hynaf ein casgliad yma yn Sain Ffagan yn cael eu harddangos ym mhen dwyreiniol yr Eglwys), gellir gweld y murluniau hyn trwy'r sgriniau cerfiedig. Mae'r rheiny hefyd wedi cael eu lliwio yn ddiweddar, gan Fleur Kelly, artist sydd wedi gweithio gyda ein tîm o grefftwyr i addurno sawl cerfiad yn yr adeilad.

Os bydd yr eira yn cadw draw, bwriedir gynnal y teithiau tywys a hysbysebwyd yfory a dydd Gwener (14-15 Ionawr), gan gychwyn yn yr Eglwys am 12:00, 13:00 a 14:00. Erfynwn arnoch, fodd bynnag, i alw o flaen llaw i wneud yn siwr bod yr amgueddfa ar agor, a'r Eglwys yn hygyrch ar (029) 2057 3500. Gallwch gerdded i'r Eglwys mewn 10 munud ar ddiwrnod clir, felly cofiwch ystyried hyn pan yn dewis pa 'sgidie i'w gwisgo!
Cadwch yn gynnes, a gobeithio y gwelaf i chi yn yr Eglwys!

*taffi triog; bandiau pres; dail llawryf; mwg coed a sgidie gwlyb, rhag ofn eich bod eisiau gwybod!

Festival of British Archaeology 2009

So the festival ended. After two weeks of almost continuous events across three of Amgueddfa Cymru – National Museum Wales’s sites. And the best was definitely saved until last.

With fine weather throughout the day The Vicus put on a fantastic show. They performed a Roman funeral ceremony in the centre of St Fagans before a crowd of two to three hundred people. A young lady played the recently departed and two gladiators fought for her.

Then the mourners processed to the funeral pyre, an impressive timber platform around which more rituals were performed, and where the young lady was substituted for a pig.

There followed tense moments for the organizers. It’s easy to schedule a cremation ritual, and building the pyre wasn’t too challenging, but with all the wet weather the day before, would it light? With a hundred and fifty people watching as a fire brand was thrust into the middle of the pyre, a fizzle would not have looked good.

But good fortune smiled and the pyre lit, smoking heavily before the flames spread. The grave goods on the pyre were quickly burnt or broken, with one glass bottle melting in the heat.

It burnt for the rest of the afternoon, until by closing time on the site there was just a bed of ash with the unburnt back of the pig resting on top. By next morning almost all of this had burnt away and we set about recovering the cremated bones and the grave goods for further analysis.

Cremated remains are common finds from the Bronze Age and Roman periods and our work here will go some way to helping interpret these finds when they come up in future. So a great spectacle and a useful source of data.

Festival of British Archaeology 2009

This weekend is the grand finale of the Festival events, and it started dreadfully. Torrential rain all night and no let-up until eleven o’clock, but much happened before then.

First thing in the morning The Vicus, anamazing Iron Age / Roman re-enactment group, arrived in force and took over our Celtic Village and the grounds around it. Our wood shelter became an armoury, the roundhouses were taken over for cooking and crafts, and outside the village our old furnace was fired up and used to smelt iron ore.

Things really got under way once the rain had cleared and the ground started to dry. Then it was a continuous stream of visitors for the rest of the day.

For me the highlights were:

- the trimmed down combat display where the Vicus’s British warriors and Roman soldiers showed off their equipment and demonstrated the various merits of a range of spears. It was a trimmed down display because the rain had left things too wet underfoot for full-scale combat. But the forecast is good for the rest of the weekend, so tomorrow’s performance should be the full extravaganza.

- watching the bloom come out of the furnace around 4:30. The Vicus’s blacksmith has yet to pass judgement on the results, but they certainly looked pretty good. And when one considers that things only really got started around midday they seemed almost miraculous.

So tomorrow is the big one. In the Celtic Village we have a repeat of all of the above  (with bronze casting substituted for iron smelting), and the festival will be brought to a show-stopping conclusion with a reenactment of a Roman cremation cemetery. Fingers crossed the weather stays with us.

Festival of British Archaeology 2009

On Wednesday and Thursday this week (29th and 30th July) Sue Fielding and Geoff Ward from the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales demonstrated building recording at St Fagans. Thanks to them, visitors had the chance to record a 500 year old house, Hendre’r Ywydd Uchaf, which once stood near Ruthin in the Vale of Clwyd.

I couldn't get to the event myself,  but Adam Gwilt who helped organise things sent in this report.

"Geoff has been getting people to look more carefully at the way the house was built and showing young and old alike how to measure and draw the exposed timbers of a wall partition inside the house.

Sue has been enlisting the help of people, using the ‘total station’ survey equipment. Using a laser beam to record the dimensions and details of one of the rooms, a 3D drawing of the room has grown in front of our eyes on the laptop computer screen. 

On Wednesday, the stream of people was slow but constant, though the torrential rain all day affected the numbers of visitors. After early showers on Thursday, the much improved weather brought people to us in significant numbers, at times queuing to enter the house to see what was going on! 

We used a red flag banner to let visitors know that something was going on in this house in the large museum grounds, while the additional building trail developed for the Festival has helped some children to hunt for evidence relating to the long use of this building.

The event was a great success with Sue commenting: ‘Many children have really enjoyed using our new survey equipment to generate an immediate visual and digital drawing of this historic house. I was really pleased that the Royal Commission was asked to contribute to the Festival events hosted by the national museum.’ "

Festival of British Archaeology 2009

A few photos from last weekend's "Magic flute" event in which Gareth Riseborough tried to make replicas of a medieval and a possible Neolithic flute.

He was successful in both projects. The medieval flute plays very well and looks fantastic. The Neolithic whistle looks the piece, but is very difficult to play - no fault of Gareth's there, the reason he was trying to replicate the original was to see whether it was actually a whistle, or whether it might have been simply a dog-chewed bone.